UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON D.C. 20549

 

 

 

FORM 6-K

 

 

 

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the month of May 2016

 

Commission File Number: 001-34563

 

 

 

CONCORD MEDICAL SERVICES HOLDINGS LIMITED

 

 

 

18/F, Tower A, Global Trade Center

36 North Third Ring Road East, Dongcheng District

Beijing 100013

People’s Republic of China

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

 

Form 20-F  x            Form 40-F  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether by furnishing the information contained in this Form, the registrant is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Yes  ¨            No   x

 

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): N/A

 

 

 

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 
SIGNATURE
EX-99.1

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Exhibit 99.1–Concord Medical Reports Financial Results for the First Quarter of 2016

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

         
    CONCORD MEDICAL SERVICES HOLDINGS LIMITED
     
    By:   /s/ Jianyu Yang
    Name:   Jianyu Yang
    Title:   Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 

Date: May 24, 2016

 

 

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

Concord Medical Reports Financial Results for the First Quarter of 2016

 

BEIJING, May 24, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Concord Medical Services Holdings Limited ("Concord Medical" or the "Company") (NYSE: CCM), a leading specialty hospital management solution provider and operator of the largest network of radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging centers in China, today announced its unaudited consolidated financial results for the first quarter of 2016[1].

 

First Quarter 2016 Highlights

 

ŸTotal net revenues were RMB125.0 million ($19.4 million) in the first quarter of 2016, a 17.1% decrease from net revenues from the network business of RMB150.7 million in the first quarter of 2015. Total net revenues include net revenue from the network business of RMB121.6 million ($18.9 million) and net revenue from Concord Cancer Hospital of RMB3.4 million ($0.5 million).
ŸGross profit was RMB45.4 million ($7.0 million), representing a 39.0% decrease from RMB74.4 million in the first quarter of 2015. The gross profit margin for the first quarter of 2016 was 36.3%, compared to 49.4% for the first quarter of 2015.
ŸNet loss attributable to ordinary shareholders for the first quarter of 2016 was RMB32.2 million ($5.0 million), compared to net income of RMB28.5 million for the first quarter of 2015.
ŸBasic and diluted loss per American Depositary Share ("ADS")[2] in the first quarter of 2016 were RMB0.73 ($0.11) and RMB0.73 ($0.11), respectively, compared to basic and diluted profit per ADS of RMB0.68 and RMB0.68, respectively, in the first quarter of 2015.
ŸNon-GAAP net loss for the first quarter of 2016 was RMB30.2 million ($4.7 million), compared to non-GAAP net income of RMB30.5 million for the first quarter of 2015. Non-GAAP basic and diluted loss per ADS in the first quarter of 2016 was RMB0.67 ($0.11) and RMB0.67 ($0.11), respectively.
ŸAdjusted EBITDA[3] (non-GAAP) was RMB31.0 million ($4.8 million) for the first quarter of 2016, representing a 55.0% decrease from RMB68.8 million in the first quarter of 2015.

 

Dr. Jianyu Yang, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Concord Medical, commented, “During the first quarter of 2016, our revenue and profit were under pressure due to the closure of cooperative centers and uncertainties in the regulatory environment. During the past quarter, our Concord Cancer Hospital in Singapore has received patients from China to receive the latest immunotherapy. Based on the inquiries we have received, we expect that the number of patients from China will see steady growth for the rest of the year.

 

“Also, we have accelerated the pace to open and operate our Meizhongjiahe network of specialty cancer hospitals. The first cancer hospital under the Meizhongjiahe brand, Datong Meizhongjiahe Cancer Hospital, was opened preliminarily on May 19th.

 

“Since receiving approvals from the government in October 2014, we have engaged in developing our first wholly-owned, Level-II specialty domestic cancer hospital in Datong, Shanxi Province. Equipped with advanced linear accelerator and MRI, the 100-bed hospital will provide advanced treatment including imaging diagnosis and radiotherapy to local patients. 

 

 

  

Exhibit 99.1

 

“It is an important step for our broad strategy of building a nationwide free-standing cancer treatment and diagnosis centers chain under the brand ‘Meizhongjiahe’. Our next step is to expand the Meizhongjiahe network by establishing specialty cancer hospitals in cities such as Wuxi, Hangzhou, Taizhou, and Nanchang. There is strong patient demand in Tier II and Tier III cities in China for advanced cancer diagnosis and treatments, and we see their challenge as ours. As part of the company’s comprehensive development strategy, the network of Meizhongjiahe will join our planned premium hospitals in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou to advance the company’s domestic coverage."

 

2016 First Quarter Financial Results

 

Network Business

 

Net revenues from the network business were RMB121.6 million ($18.9 million), a 19.0% decrease from net revenues of RMB150.7 million in the first quarter of 2015, attributable to the closure of certain cooperative centers in our network of centers during 2015 and to changes in the revenue-sharing split according to the contracts signed between the Company and our public hospital partners. As of March 31, 2016, the Company operated a network of 125 cooperative centers in 52 cities in China and had entered into agreements to establish one additional center.

 

Cost of revenue of the network business was RMB72.4 million ($11.2 million), a 5.5% decrease from RMB76.3 million in the first quarter of 2015.

 

Gross profit from the network business was RMB49.2 million ($7.6 million), representing a 33.8% decrease from RMB74.4 million in the first quarter of 2015. The gross profit margin for the first quarter of 2016 was 40.5%, compared to 49.4% for the first quarter of 2015. The decrease was mainly due to the closure of certain cooperative centers in our network of centers during 2015 and the changes in the revenue-sharing split according to the contracts signed between the Company and our public hospital partners.

 

Selling expenses of the network business were RMB18.4 million ($2.8 million), representing a 29.0% decrease from RMB25.9 million in the first quarter of 2015. Selling expenses as a percentage of total net revenues decreased to 15.1% in the first quarter of 2016 from 17.2% in the first quarter of 2015. The decreases were mainly due to marketing and promotion expenses.

 

General and administrative expenses of the network business were RMB31.1 million ($4.8 million), representing a 45.3% increase from RMB21.4 million in the first quarter of 2015. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total net revenues were 25.6% in the first quarter of 2016, compared to 14.2% in the first quarter of 2015. The increases were mainly due to higher travel, conference and rental expenses as compared to the same quarter in 2015 as well as to expenses occurred in setting up new domestic subsidiaries.

 

 

  

Exhibit 99.1

 

Capital expenditures were RMB18.7 million ($2.9 million) for the first quarter of 2016, compared to RMB38.9 million in the first quarter of 2015.

 

Accounts receivable was RMB205.1 million ($31.8 million) as of March 31, 2016, compared to RMB218.3 million as of December 31, 2015. The average period of sales outstanding for accounts receivable (also known as Days Sales Outstanding) was 157 days in the first quarter of 2016.

 

As of March 31, 2016, the Company had bank credit lines totaling RMB3.1 billion (US$483.9 million), of which RMB1.2 billion ($184.3 million) was utilized.

 

During the first quarter of 2016, the Company handled 5,093 patient treatment cases and 67,377 patient diagnostic cases, representing a 23.9% decrease and a 8.6% decrease from the first quarter of 2015, respectively, mainly due to the closure of certain cooperative centers in 2015.

 

Hospital Business

 

Concord Cancer Hospital[4] is a leading privately-owned, for-profit oncology hospital in Singapore. The Company acquired Concord Cancer Hospital, formerly known as Fortis Surgical Hospital, in April 2015 and is now transforming it into a premium cancer hospital.

 

Net revenues from the hospital business were RMB3.4 million ($0.5 million or S$0.7 million [5]).

 

Cost of service of the hospital business for the first quarter of 2016 was RMB7.2 million ($1.1 million or S$1.6 million).

 

Gross loss from the hospital business was RMB3.8 million ($0.6 million or S$0.8 million) in the first quarter of 2016.

 

Selling expenses of the hospital business were RMB0.04 million ($0.01 million or S$0.01 million) for the first quarter of 2016.

 

General and administrative expenses of the hospital business were RMB10.6 million ($1.6 million or S$2.2 million) for the first quarter of 2016, of which employee benefit expenses were RMB6.2 million ($1.0 million or S$1.3 million).

 

Capital expenditures of the hospital were RMB0.07 million ($0.01 million or S$0.01 million) in the first quarter of 2016.

 

As of March 31, 2016, Concord Cancer Hospital had accounts receivable of RMB2.2 million ($0.3 million or S$0.5 million). The number of days sales outstanding was 63 days.

 

Concord Cancer Hospital operated 31 beds and had 82 medical and non-medical staff as of March 31, 2016.

 

 

  

Exhibit 99.1

 

Recent Developments

 

Share Repurchase Program – On August 10, 2015, the Company announced a share repurchase program, under which Concord Medical is authorized to repurchase up to $20.0 million of its outstanding ADSs for cash in open market transactions or by other means as long as the price per ADS is no more than $7.99, depending on market conditions and other factors. As of May 20, 2016, Concord Medical had repurchased 1,511,378 ADSs, representing 4,534,134 ordinary shares, for an aggregate consideration of $7.3 million, including commissions. As of March 31, 2016, the Company had a total of 43.8 million outstanding ADSs.

 

Acquisition of Beijing Proton Medical Center - In January 2016, we acquired 100% equity interest in Beijing Century Friendship Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd., or Beijing Century Friendship, from Chang’an Information Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. for a cash consideration of RMB70.0 million. Beijing Century Friendship is currently a 55% shareholder of Beijing Proton Medical Center (”BPMC”) and has engaged in the proton center's establishment and construction. King Cheers Holdings Ltd, a wholly subsidiary of the Company, own approximately 25.0% of the Beijing Proton Medical Center. As a result, we ultimately own approximately 80.0% of the Beijing Proton Medical Center, with the remaining equity interest owned by China-Japan Friendship Hospital. The financial results of BPMC were consolidated into our financial results in this quarter. Currently we have received the relevant government approvals for the establishment of Beijing Proton Medical Center. The construction of this hospital project is expected to commence in the third quarter of 2016.

 

Preliminary opening of Datong Meizhongjiahe Cancer Hospital – On May 20, 2016, Concord Medical announced the preliminary opening of its wholly-owned Datong Meizhongjiahe Cancer Hospital, which will provide oncology as its main service, including medical oncology and surgical oncology. Located in Datong, Shanxi Province, the 100-bed hospital was registered as Level-II specialty cancer hospital with mandatory departments including radiation, imaging, test laboratory, inpatient and nursing. This hospital will apply to join the local social insurance coverage. The hospital is equipped with the advanced radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging equipment, including linear accelerator and MRI.

 

Notes:

[1] This announcement contains translations of certain RMB amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from RMB to U.S. dollars are made at a rate of RMB6.4480 to $1.00, the effective noon buying rate as of March 31, 2016 in the City of New York for cable transfers of RMB as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

[2] Each ADS represents three ordinary shares of the Company.

[3] Definition of adjusted EBITDA: Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income plus interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation expenses, bad debt provision, and other adjustments. Other adjustments include foreign exchange gain (loss), loss from disposal of property, plant and equipment, changes in fair value of derivative, and other income or expense.

[4] The financial results of Concord Cancer Hospital were consolidated into our financial results starting in the second quarter of 2015.

[5] Translation of Singapore dollar amount into U.S. dollar amount is made at a rate of SGD1.3462 to $1.00, the effective noon buying rate as of March 31, 2016, as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board.

 

 

  

Exhibit 99.1

 

Conference Call Information

 

Concord Medical's management will hold an earnings conference call at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time on May 24, 2016 (8:00 p.m. Beijing/Hong Kong time on May 24, 2016).

 

Dial-in details for the earnings conference call are as follows:

 

U.S. Toll Free:    1 866 519 4004
International:    65 67135090
U.K. Toll Free:    08082346646
Hong Kong Toll Free: 800906601
China Local:   400-620-8038/800-819-0121
Passcode:       CCM

 

 

A replay of the conference call may be accessed by phone at the following numbers for 7 days:

 

U.S. Toll Free: 1 855 452 5696
International: 61 2 8199 0299
Conference ID: 9744147

 

Additionally, a live and archived webcast of this conference call will be available at http://ir.concordmedical.com/.

 

About Concord Medical

 

Concord Medical Services Holdings Limited is a leading specialty hospital management solution provider and operator of the largest network of radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging centers in China. As of December 31, 2015, the Company operated a network of 125 centers with 74 hospital partners that spanned 52 cities and 25 provinces and administrative regions in China. Under long-term arrangements with top-tier hospitals in China, the Company provides radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging equipment and manages the daily operations of these centers, which are located on the premises of its hospital partners. The Company also provides ongoing training to doctors and other medical professionals in its network of centers to ensure a high level of clinical care for patients. As part of its high-end cancer hospital development strategy and oversea business extension, the Company acquired Concord Cancer Hospital, a private hospital in Singapore in April, 2015. For more information, please see http://ir.concordmedical.com.

 

 

  

Exhibit 99.1

 

Safe Harbor Statement

 

This news release may contain "forward-looking" statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and as defined in the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "predict," "should" and "will" and similar expressions. These forward looking statements are based upon management's current views and expectations with respect to future events and are not a guarantee of future performance. Furthermore, these statements are by their nature, subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance and results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors. Such factors include: the number of new radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging centers opened; the increase in the number of patients in existing centers; the establishment of specialty cancer hospitals; changes in the healthcare industry in China, including changes in the healthcare policies and regulations of the PRC government; technological or therapeutic changes affecting the field of cancer treatment and diagnostic imaging; and possible effects on consumers and hospitals, hospital construction, and suppliers, as a result of inflation and the Chinese government's policies and actions to control inflation. Further information regarding these and other risks is included in the Company's filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which are available at www.sec.gov. The Company does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law.

 

About Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

To supplement the consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"), Concord Medical uses certain non-GAAP measures. The Company presents certain of its financial information that is adjusted from results based on GAAP to exclude the impact of share-based compensation expense and bad debt provision. The Company believes excluding share-based compensation expense from its GAAP financial measures is useful for its management and investors to assess and analyze the Company's core operating results, as such expense is not directly attributable to the underlying performance of the Company's business operations and do not impact its current cash earnings. Concord Medical also believes these non-GAAP measures excluding share-based compensation expense and bad debt provision are important in helping investors to understand the Company's current financial performance and future prospects and to compare business trends among different reporting periods on a consistent basis. In addition, Concord Medical also presents the non-GAAP measure of Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined in this announcement as net income plus interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and share-based compensation expenses and other adjustments. Other adjustments include foreign exchange gain (loss), changes in fair value of derivatives and other income or expense. Furthermore, Adjusted EBITDA eliminates the impact of items that the Company does not consider to be indicative of the performance of the network business and hospital business. The Company believes investors will similarly use Adjusted EBITDA as one of the key metrics to evaluate its financial performance and to compare its current operating results with corresponding historical periods and with other companies in the healthcare services industry. The presentation of these additional measures should not be considered a substitute for or superior to GAAP results or as being comparable to results reported or forecasted by other companies. The non-GAAP measures have been reconciled to GAAP measures in the attached financial information.

 

 

  

Exhibit 99.1

 

For more information, please contact:

 

Concord Medical Services

 

Mr. Adam J. Sun (Chinese and English)

+86 10 5957 5266

adam.sun@concordmedical.com

 

Ms. Fang Liu (Chinese and English)

+86 10 5903 6688 (ext. 639)

fang.liu@concordmedical.com

 

 

 

 

Concord Medical Services Holdings Co., Ltd.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

   December 31, 2015(*)   March 31, 2016 
   RMB   RMB   US$ 
       (Unaudited)   (Unaudited) 
ASSETS               
Current assets               
Cash and cash equivalents   485,440    181,287    28,115 
Restricted cash, current portion   555,035    824,033    127,797 
Short term investment   60,000    -    - 
Accounts receivable   218,254    207,329    32,154 
Inventories   3,897    3,596    558 
Prepayments and other current assets   76,966    116,051    17,998 
Net investments in direct financing leases, current portion   100,988    94,221    14,612 
Deferred tax assets, current portion   2,447    3,147    488 
Total current assets   1,503,027    1,429,664    221,722 
                
Non-current assets               
Property, plant and equipment, net   918,815    967,187    149,998 
Intangible assets, net   43,453    44,277    6,867 
Deposits for non-current assets   251,058    198,344    30,761 
Net investments in direct financing leases, non-current portion   108,917    91,507    14,192 
Deferred tax assets, non-current portion   29,069    32,084    4,976 
Equity method investments   230,981    208,118    32,276 
Cost method investments   22,160    22,160    3,437 
Other non-current assets   54,719    55,280    8,573 
Prepaid land lease payments   429,779    429,508    66,611 
Total non-current assets   2,088,951    2,048,465    317,691 
                
Total assets   3,591,978    3,478,129    539,413 
                
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY               
Current liabilities               
Short-term bank borrowings   565,994    892,141    138,359 
Long-term bank borrowings, current portion   350,786    262,267    40,674 
Accounts payable   808    1,994    309 
Accrual for purchase of property, plant and equipment   4,881    4,400    682 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities   227,840    252,944    39,228 
Income tax payable   67,258    23,651    3,668 
Deferred revenue, current portion   1,522    1,741    270 
Dividend payable   288,157    4,655    722 
Deferred tax liabilities, current portion   2,249    2,146    333 
Total current liabilities   1,509,495    1,445,939    224,245 
                
Non-current liabilities               
Long-term bank borrowings, non-current portion   270,654    248,249    38,500 
Deferred tax liabilities, non-current portion   48,513    53,937    8,365 
Long-term secured borrowings   326,487    328,216    50,902 
Other long term liabilities   3,042    2,945    457 
Total non-current liabilities   648,696    633,347    98,224 
                
Total liabilities   2,158,190    2,079,286    322,469 
                
EQUITY               
Ordinary shares   105    105    16 
Treasury stock   (6)   (7)   (1)
Additional paid-in capital   1,774,330    1,758,754    272,760 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (46,574)   (33,267)   (5,159)
Accumulated deficit   (336,329)   (368,489)   (57,146)
Total Concord Medical Services Holdings Limited shareholders' equity   1,391,526    1,357,096    210,470 
Non-controlling interests   42,262    41,747    6,474 
                
Total equity   1,433,788    1,398,843    216,944 
                
Total liabilities and equity   3,591,978    3,478,129    539,413 

       

(*)Amounts for the year ended December 31, 2015 were derived from the December 31, 2015 audited consolidated financial statements while certain amounts are being reclassified for comparison purpose.

  

 

 

 

 

Concord Medical Services Holdings Co., Ltd.

Consolidated Profit & Loss

(in thousands, except per ADS data)

   For The Three Months Ended 
   March 31, 2015   March 31, 2016 
   RMB   RMB   US$ 
   (Unaudited)   (Unaudited)   (Unaudited) 
Revenues, net of business tax , value-added tax and related surcharges :               
Network   150,692    121,618    18,861 
Hospital   -    3,385    525 
Total net revenues   150,692    125,003    19,386 
                
Cost of revenues:               
Network   (76,317)   (72,371)   (11,223)
Hospital   -    (7,206)   (1,118)
Total cost of revenues   (76,317)   (79,577)   (12,341)
                
Gross profit   74,375    45,426    7,045 
                
Operating expenses:               
Selling expenses   (25,909)   (18,400)   (2,854)
General and administrative expenses   (21,430)   (41,767)   (6,477)
                
Operating income (loss)   27,036    (14,741)   (2,286)
Interest expense   (12,038)   (21,107)   (3,273)
Foreign exchange loss   (2,004)   (2,617)   (406)
Interest income   6,279    7,396    1,147 
Changes in fair value of derivatives   -    (2,115)   (328)
Equity pick up of equity investee   2,719    5,041    782 
Other (expense) income   (136)   1,411    219 
                
Income (loss) before income tax   21,856    (26,732)   (4,145)
Income tax expenses   6,634    (5,943)   (922)
Net income (loss)   28,490    (32,675)   (5,067)
                
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests   (34)   (515)   (80)
                
Net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders   28,524    (32,160)   (4,987)
                
Earnings (loss) per ADS               
Basic   0.68    (0.73)   (0.11)
Diluted   0.68    (0.73)   (0.11)
                
Weighted average number of ADS outstanding:               
Basic   44,945,433    43,974,455    43,974,455 
Diluted   45,114,976    43,974,455    43,974,455 
                
Other comprehensive income, net of tax               
Foreign currency translation   1,953    13,307    2,064 
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax   1,953    13,307    2,064 
Comprehensive income (loss)   30,443    (19,368)   (3,003)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests   (34)   (194)   (30)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Concord Medical Services Holdings Limited’s shareholders   30,477    (19,174)   (2,973)

  

 

 

 

Reconciliations of non-GAAP results of operations measures to the nearest comparable GAAP measures (*) (in RMB thousands, unaudited)

 

   For the three months ended   For the three months ended 
   March 31, 2015   March 31, 2016 
   GAAP
Measure
   Adjustment   Non-GAAP
Measure
   GAAP
Measure
   Adjustment   Non-GAAP
Measure
 
Operating income (loss)   27,036    1,995    29,031    (14,741)   2,454    (12,287)
Net income (loss)   28,490    1,995    30,485    (32,675)   2,454    (30,221)
Basic earnings (loss) per ADS   0.68    0.04    0.72    (0.73)   0.06    (0.67)
Diluted earnings (loss) per ADS   0.68    0.04    0.72    (0.73)   0.06    (0.67)

                     

(*)The adjustments include share-based compensation and bad debt provision.

 

 

 

 

Reconciliation from net income to adjusted EBITDA(*) (in RMB thousands, unaudited)

 

   For the three
months ended
   For the three
months ended
 
   March 31, 2015   March 31, 2016 
Net income   28,490    (32,675)
   Interest expenses, net   5,759    13,711 
   Income tax expenses   (6,634)   5,943 
   Depreciation and amortization   37,076    38,204 
   Share-based compensation   1,995    2,069 
   Bad debt provision   -    385 
   Other adjustments   2,140    3,321 
Adjusted EBITDA   68,826    30,958 

 

(*)Definition of adjusted EBITDA: Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income plus interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation expenses, bad debt provision and other adjustments. Other adjustments include foreign exchange gain,(loss) on extinguishment,changes in fair value of derivatives and other income or expense.